Explanation
How Do I Fill This In?
Repeatable:
Yes
If primary responsibility for the creation of a work is shared among more than one person or entity, additional entries should be added for each separate creator.
Recommended Data Entry Type:
Controlled vocabulary; Free-text entry
Use of a controlled vocabulary for names is strongly recommended. Using controlled versions of names helps relate resources created by the same person, and keeps resources separated when created by different people/entities with similar names.
The Virtual International Authority File (VIAF) is strongly recommended for name authorities. VIAF contains name authority records for many national libraries, including the Library of Congress Name Authority File (LCNAF), which is the primary source used by U.S. Libraries for personal and organization names.
ORCID and ISNI are two additional sources managing name identifiers for researchers, authors and contributing organizations who may not be represented in traditional authority files such as LCNAF and VIAF.
If you are unable to determine an authority entry for your creator, a free-text entry for the name may be used. It is recommended to format the name using conventions from a metadata content standard such as RDA; content standards provide guidance for how to differentiate between persons or entities with similar names.
As a general fallback, enter free-text names in Lastname, Firstname format when feasible.
Personal and entity names should be in Romanized form for the primary creator’s name entry. Non-Roman languages such as Russian, Chinese, and Hebrew should be transliterated to a Romanized version for metadata entry.
If possible, the vernacular (native language) form of the name should also be searchable and provide access to the Romanized form via a cross-reference. If the metadata system being used does not support this, additional entries in the original vernacular may be preferred to allow native language searches for creators.
See the Additional Detail section for more information about entering Creator names.
Punctuation/style notes:
Punctuation/Capitalization
When recording personal and organization names, follow appropriate capitalization and punctuation standards. Authorized forms of names from a controlled vocabulary will already include this in the name entry, but free-text entry will need to follow correct form. This is especially important when additional elements are being included to differentiate names, such as birth/death dates.
Order of name entry
Personal names should be entered in the filing order appropriate to the nationality of the person. For example, American and English names are generally filed by surname, i.e., “Twain, Mark.”
Additional detail:
Encoding name parts as separate elements
If your system or schema supports it, record name parts (first, last, middle, etc.) as separate elements, as opposed to one single metadata element. This helps to support more robust searching and sorting.
Additional Attributes/Properties
If your system or schema supports it, it is recommended to provide the following additional properties for your name entry (see additional notes that follow):
For name entries:
- Name Authority name or code
- Name Authority URL
- Name Term ID
- Name Term URL
For clarifying name entries’ relationships or roles:
- Role Term Value
- Role Authority Name or code
- Role Term ID
- Role Term URL
Name Authorities
When using an authority, if your schema or system supports it, use additional attributes or properties to specify which authority you are using. Some systems/schemas may also allow you to record the URI or record ID for an individual name entry.
Relationship/Role of Creator
Some schemas and standards enable the use of additional properties that explain more clearly the relationship or role of the creator in the context of how the resource was originally created.
Examples of creator roles include: author, illustrator, and photographer.
These attributes should be utilized when possible; roles help to ascertain a person or entity’s relationship to a work and can aid researchers in locating appropriate resources.
Role Vocabularies
Use of a controlled vocabulary for role or relationship terms is strongly recommended. When using a role attribute with a controlled vocabulary, it is also recommended to include an attribute specifying which vocabulary has been used.
Examples of role terms include RDA’s role terms (preferred source; found in the RDA Toolkit, or in the Metadata Registry). Additional role vocabularies exist such as the RBMS (Rare Books and Manuscripts Section) relationship designators.
Help/Troubleshooting
What is a Corporate Name?
The term "corporate name" is used in bibliographic cataloging. It means the name of an organization or business entity (as opposed to the name of an individual).
FAQs:
What is a Controlled Vocabulary/Authority?
Links and Resources:
Library of Congress Name Authority File (LCNAF)
Library of Congress Authorities - FAQs